Notes
Footprinting & scanning
Mapping network & scanning targets
- By mapping networks , we can get insights of connected network and current running devices and there ip addresses.
- We can scan each machine to find details about OS so we can get idea about what system are there. Also finger printing OS , we can search vulnerabilities about system by even googling.
- Getting permission is MUST
- Scanning network without permission is cyber OFFENCE
How to do scanning?
First we need ip of network to scan.
- Ping
- ping 192.168.0.1
- Pinging is utility that is designed to test if a machine is live.
- Pinging sents ICMP packets , if we get echo reply then host is alive
- –
- Fping
- fping -a -g 192.168.0.1/24
- fping -a -g 192.168.0.1 192.186.0.100
- Fping is linux tool which is improved ping . We can sweep ping ip’s.
- –
- nmap
- nmap -sn 192.168.0.1
- More about nmap
Port scanning methods
TCP Port scanner
About TCP TCP Full Scan
- To detect if port is open If 3 way handshake is completed then we send RST + ACK packet to close connection.
- If after SYN request we get RST + ACK from server then port is closed.
- Although this type of scan will be easily detected & also recorded in logs as many connection coming from one device can be blocked.
- namp -sT 192.168.0.125
TCP SYN Scan
- Stealthy scan is another name.
- It only send SYN and analyzes response coming back form target machine
- If RST then port is closed and ACK then port is open(Sends RST to stop handshake).
- namp -sS 192.168.0.125
- – About UDP UDP Scan
- UDP scans are slower
- If reponse is ICMP packet then port is closed
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If reponse is not there then open filtered - As UDP is connection-less so determining state is tough
OS Fingerprinting
What is OS fingerprinting
- OS fingerprinting means getting knowledge about OS .
- By getting approx knowledge about OS , we can find vulnerabilities based on version and security level of OS.
Tools:
- nmap
- nmap -O 192.168.0.2
- More about nmap