Notes
Information Gathering
Information Gathering
Information gathering refers to gathering or collecting information about person, company and system that you’re targeting.
Types of Information Gathering:
- Active Information Gathering : Gathering information with engagement with system.
- Passive Information Gathering : Gathering information available in public domain without engaging with systems.
What information to collect?
- Passive : IP address, DNS details, Email address, Web technology, subdomains, etc.
- Active : Open ports, internal infrastructure of target, information about target systems.
Passive Information Gathering
Web Recon and Footprinting
Web reconnaissance and footprinting focusses on gathering information about website.
- Whatis <host>
- robots.txt
- sitemap.xml or sitemaps.xml
- Builtwith and wappalyzer : To identify web technologies used
- Whatweb : Command line utility to gather technology information
- HTTrack (app) webhttrack (cmd) : To download and replicate website in local environment
Domain Information gathering
Read DNS
Whois
Command line tool to gather DNS information about host
Whois hostname
- Who.is : Web version of Whois
Netcraft
- Sitereport.netcraft.com to gather DNS , Web technologies and Firewall information.
DNSRecon
To find information regarding domain
DNSRecon -d domain_name
- dnsdumpster.com (Website)
CRT.sh :
Gather information about subdomains on basis of certificates.
Sublist3r
To identify subdomains of given domain
Sublist3r domain_name
Web Application Firewall(WAF) detection
To detect web application firewall being used.
waffw00f domain
Google Dork
Read Google_Dorking
examples : Site: Intitle : index of Cache: site_name
Google Hacking Database (GHDB)
Interesting google dorks stored in database.
Wayback machine
To check previous versions of websites and find information from it.
Email Harvesting
theHarvester
- Helps in OSINT.
- Command line tool
- help to find emails , subdomains and IPs
Leaked password
haveibeenpwned.com
To find leaked passwords in breaches, gather information about possible breaches occured.
Active Information Gathering
Read DNS
DNS Zone Transfer
DNS Zone Transfer : Process of copy or transfer of zone files from one DNS server to another.
dig
DNS Zone Transfer using dig
dig axfr @"nameserver" "site"
dnsenum
Enumeration of publically available information, zone transfer and bruteforce subdomains.
dnsenum "site"
fierce
fierce –dns domain_name
Nmap
To enumerate active machines using ping scan to gather active machines IP.