Notes
TCP/IP Model
TCP IP
- TCP/IP model is kind of implementation of OSI_Model
- Vertical approach
- Services , interface and protocols are not clearly distinguished
- 5 Layers
- Layer 7 to 5 of OSI layer combined into application layer in TCP/IP model.
- Also layer 1 to 2 of OSI layer combined to form network access layer .
- Network layer is also renamed as Internet layer.
TCP/IP Model Diagram
| Layer number | Name |
|---|---|
| 4 | Application layer |
| 3 | Transport layer |
| 2 | Internet layer |
| 1 | Host to network layer |
TCP/IP Model Diagram (Hybrid)
| Layer number | Name |
|---|---|
| 5 | Application layer |
| 4 | Transport layer |
| 3 | Internet layer |
| 2 | Data link layer |
| 1 | Physical layer |
Function of each layer
-
Application Layer : Layer consists many protocols such as file transfer protocol FTP , web service HTTP & HTTPS and for emails SMTP. Handles translation to binary , compresion & encryption/decryption.Creates , manages & ends session. Authentication is also done here. Tracks received and sent data packerts.
-
Transport Layer : DIvided data into segments and keeps track where to send data . Also do flow control means speed at data travels to application. Also handles error controls. Have protocols like TCP & UDP.
-
Internet Layer : Handles transmission. Handles logical addressing , path determination and routing. Data handles in terms of packets. Protocols like IPv4 , IPv6 , ICMPv4 & ICMPv6.
-
Data Link Layer : Physical addressing like MAC done here. Also does framing i.e. creating frames.
-
Physical Layer : Handles data conversion such as signal to bits . Determines types of media like light i.e. optical fiber, voltage like cable or signal like wifi.
